'm Just cost loans when available budget entities on a reimbursable basis, and return, as well as tax credits - deferment of payment of income tax or other tax.
Bank loans, by definition, are considered banking product, as a product of the bank. Bank lending is understood on two levels - as a sum of money that is allocated by the bank on a certain goal, and as a technology to meet the financial requirements stated by the borrower.
It is also proposed to distinguish between these technologies and methods of its application. Having considered these approaches, we can say that the bank loans as the product of the bank, is the amount of money provided by the borrower and satisfying the above basic features of credit, reflecting its specific economic and legal nature.
Bank loans, is the product of a deeper level, namely the specific way in which the bank has or is ready to provide credit services to the client needs it, ie, structured, internally consistent and documented set of interrelated organizational, technical, technological, informational, financial, legal and other actions (procedures) that make up the holistic interaction of regulation of bank employees (units associated with the loan process) to serve clients, a single and complete technology for credit customer service.
Bank loans are those types of loans as loans to active and passive credits. Bank loans are divided into active and passive. In the first case, the bank makes a loan, ie stands the creditor, the second takes the credit, m e is the borrower.
The Bank may enter into credit relationships (take or give loans) and other banks (in other credit institutions), including the central bank, performing in the appropriate active or passive function. In this case we are dealing with the inter-bank lending.
As for all other companies, organizations, institutions and individuals (non-financial sector), the credit relationship with the bank has a different character - the bank is almost always a party, giving the loan. Further, we are talking about active bank lending.
Bank loans provided by commercial banks are divided by economic purpose: tied loan, unrelated bank loan. The form of the loan: a non-cash, in cash - cash, a line of credit, combined options.
By way of a loan: the individual, syndicated.
As time and technology maturity of bank loans: repayable in one lump sum at maturity, repayable in equal installments at regular intervals, unequal shares redeemable at different time intervals.
How to protect yourself when you make a bank loan
In life, every situation can arise when an urgent need money, and then requiring people go to the bank to get bank loans at interest, without considering the consequences which may face in the future. So you need to know and what precautions should be observed to take bank loans.
1. Before signing a contract, you should carefully examine all the conditions of bank lending, check that it was specified the exact amount, and pay attention to the points where the prescribed penalties in the event of default or early repayment of debt.
2. Repaying the debt on a monthly basis, it is best to make a little more than specified in the contract that in future no problems with penalties and interest. It often happens that by making the required final payment, the account is still a small amount by which the time did not pay attention, and several years later, the client can apply to court to pay the debt, which would be several tens of times larger than the original credit. Thus, when you close the account, require proof of full repayment of debt.
3. Each document and receipt should be preserved and not to throw that in court could prove his honesty, otherwise the decision will not be in favor of the defendant.
4. If you have problems with solvency, you can try to contact the bank branch where the loan was taken, with a request to postpone or change the credit terms. You must submit a certificate evidencing a temporary problem with the money and convince the employees of the bank, that soon the entire debt will be repaid. After a deep check, most likely, the client will go to a meeting, but if you identify facts of fraud, in this case, the unfortunate debtor a problem with the law.
Five. If the debt of a bank loan you can not repay, and the debtor has filed a lawsuit, do not despair. First, according to the law, banks do not have to take a single housing, even if it is put up as collateral, personal hygiene items, some appliances, food and all that is needed for the job.
Repayment of bank loan. The percentage of payment for bank lending
At maturity of bank loans there is a certain process, which includes the repayment and interest payments for the loan. In this article we will discuss ways of repayment and interest payment.
The first way is to withdraw funds from customer's account on its payment order.
The second way is to withdraw funds from an account of the borrower, served with another bank, payment method requirements of the lending bank. In this case, funds may be debited without acceptance of the account holder, if this is available in the contract, the borrower must notify the bank, which opened its account of its consent to a withdrawal of funds in accordance with the signed contract / agreement.
If debiting from the account of the borrower - legal entity that serves in the creditor bank, on the basis of the last payment request without acceptance, if it is stipulated in the contract.
Finally, another means of repayment of bank loans - to transfer funds from customer accounts, an individual on the basis of their written orders, transfer of money through the company bond or other credit institutions, payment of cash to the cashier of the bank, lender, retention of the amounts due for payment Labour borrowers who are employees of the lending bank on their application or on the basis of the contract.
As prescribed in the contract / agreement date (the date of payment of interest and / or repayment of principal) an employee of accounting, which is responsible for keeping account of the borrower, on the basis of the relevant order, signed by an authorized officer of the bank, prepares accounting entries, or the fact of payment of interest and / or repayment of principal debt, or (for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of customer obligations under the contract) transfers the debt to the client's account to account for arrears.
It should be noted that the debt on loans, hopeless and / or recognized as uncollectible in the established order is deducted from the balance sheet by means of a specially formed in such a case reserve, and with a lack of funds refers to the loss of the year.
Before giving the bank loan bank lender must examine carefully all documents submitted by the borrower, including a business plan, marketing plans, production and management.
Besides bank loans issued after studying the forecast cash flows of the borrower for the period of repayment of bank loans granted to him, studied the schedule of receipts and payments of the borrower, as well as a feasibility study credited the transaction.
Next, what do the banks before making a decision to grant a bank loan, it is credited validate the transaction, the borrower's credit history study to find out whether the debt repayment of bank loans for the obligations of the borrower.
To carry out bank loans the bank verifies the authority of officials of the borrower, who will sign the loan agreement, and quality checks to ensure this guarantee, warranty, guarantee, insurance policy.
After analyzing all the data decide on the granting of bank credit.
